Grace M Todd, Zhichun Gao, Marko Hyvönen, Derek P Brazil, Peter Ten Dijke
Bone 137:115455 (2020)
DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115455
Pubmed: 32473315
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multifunctional secreted cytokines that act in a highly context-dependent manner. BMP action extends beyond the induction of cartilage and bone formation, to encompass pivotal roles in controlling tissue and organ homeostasis during development and adulthood. BMPs signal via plasma membrane type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors and intracellular SMAD transcriptional effectors. Exquisite temporospatial control of BMP/SMAD signalling and crosstalk with other cellular cues is achieved by a series of positive and negative regulators at each step in the BMP/SMAD pathway. Continue reading →